2025 Year-in-Review: Read. Write. Code.

2025 felt like one of those years where you don’t fully understand what happened until you look backward and realize: oh… that was a phase shift.

The year had a rhythm to it. The front half was dominated by reading — books, papers, blog posts, half-formed ideas scribbled into notes apps. The back half turned into writing, coding and building things that didn’t exist before.

AI was the through-line. Not as a trend. Not as a tool. But as a force.

It reminded me of the 1990s — long nights, endless curiosity, learning by building, and that quiet feeling that something foundational was changing. Web 1.0 energy, but faster. Much faster.

Work, especially at O2E Brands, felt like skiing the same black diamond run for the tenth time. Familiar terrain. Different snow. Same steep pitch. New ice patterns. And no matter how well you know the run, there are always shifts and turns you don’t expect — moments that force you to react, adjust, and stay fully present. You still need to stay on edge.

This was a year of reading, writing, and coding — in that order, and then all at once.

Read

I read a lot in 2025. Mostly in the first half. Books gave me the long arcs — the kind of perspective you don’t get from timelines or hot takes.

Books I Read in 2025

Favorite Books of the Year

Reading Themes

A few patterns emerged:

  • Acceleration is not optional. It’s structural.
  • Agency matters more than raw intelligence.
  • Understanding beats adoption.
  • Strategy still matters — maybe more now than ever.
  • AI is power infrastructure, not a feature.

Trying to keep track of every white paper, blog post, or research thread was impossible. The firehose won. That itself felt like a signal.

Write

If reading was about absorbing, writing was about sense-making.

Most of my writing in 2025 happened in the second half of the year, once the ideas had compressed enough to feel coherent.

Blog Posts in 2025

Earlier

Writing Themes

Across all of it, a few ideas kept resurfacing:

  • AI as physics, not hype
  • Focus as a competitive advantage
  • Context and memory as primitives
  • Enterprise transformation as inevitable
  • Human judgment still matters — a lot

Writing became less about explaining what and more about explaining why it feels different.

Code

Coding felt fresh again.

That alone is worth pausing on.

I found myself deep in computer science concepts — state machines, orchestration, evaluation, memory — like I was back in college. Only now, the feedback loops were instant.

Coding Projects & Experiments

  • Vibe coding with Cursor and Anthropic Claude
  • Vibe coding with GitHub Copilot
  • LangChain, LangGraph, and LangSmith prototypes
  • OpenAI API multi-modal applications
  • Custom LLM hosting and development

“English” has quietly become the most important programming language — but calling this “vibe coding” misses the point. It’s a dumb term because it implies looseness where there is actually rigor. You still need to understand what’s happening under the hood. The real leverage comes from knowing where to apply the tool and why — not from blindly trusting it.

At the same time, multimodal finally feels real. Text, images, audio, video — not as demos or promises, but as things you actually experience while building. That shift alone changes how software feels to write.

As a result, classic enterprise software patterns suddenly look unfamiliar. Some are breaking. Some are reforming. Many are being replaced by agent-driven workflows. And in the middle of all of that, I’m seeing pockets of productivity that are honestly mind-bending.

Closing: Read. Write. Code.

Everything feels different now — not in a loud, hype-driven way, but in a quieter, more structural sense. The kind of different you feel in your hands while you’re building, or halfway through a problem when you realize the old mental shortcuts no longer apply.

There will be people who get it, and people who don’t. And the frustrating part is that those who get it often struggle to explain it to those who don’t. Not because it’s secret, but because it’s experiential. You have to do the work to feel the shift.

The productivity is real. The leverage is real. But it only shows up when reading turns into understanding, writing turns into clarity, and coding turns into creation.

That loop — read, write, code — is what kept me grounded this year. It’s how I made sense of the acceleration without getting lost in it. And it’s why, despite all the change, the craft itself still feels familiar.

Read. Write. Code. Repeat.

Onward.

Turning Around a GovTech Giant: My Six Years at Accela

I stood at the BART (Bay Area Rapid Transit) platform pensively waiting for my train to arrive.  My brain was lost in thought thinking of whatever was happening that day at my venture backed San Francisco tech start up.  The overhead display announced that a train headed for Balboa Park was arriving.  The first train horn blows validating what the display was trying to tell us.  The train begins to roll by. 

<TU-TUK><TU-TUK> — <TU-TUK><TU-TUK> — <TU-TUK><TU-TUK>

We all began to gather on the markers where the train doors were supposed to open.  Everyone was lost in their headphones and we were all invisible to each other. The BART train began to pull up to the platform.  More horns blew to make sure folks step away from the oncoming train.  You could see in the distance some commuters running towards the platform because they didn’t want to wait the 20 or so minutes for the next one. 

I commuted on BART for 10+ years.  1.5 hours one way.  3 hours a day.  15 hours a week.  60 hours a month.  720 hours a year or a complete month a year.  Keep in mind that this was before COVID so working remotely wasn’t as in vogue.  I needed a break from this commute.  I’ll admit that the recruiter had my attention when he told me the job with Accela was 15 minutes from my home. 

There were lots of other reasons I took the CTO role at Accela close to 6 years ago. 

  • The CEO and existing executive team — the CEO and the other executives really impressed me.  It was a crew that I could really work with. 
  • The investment team — the partners at Berkshire Partners were amazing and didn’t let me down though the years. 
  • The opportunity to transform state and local government — I enjoy transforming overlooked markets.  I think that was because of too many years chasing the next sexy thing earlier in my career.  Accela at the time was still building installers for state and local government to run in their data centers.  The cloud was something still found in the sky. 
  • A big fat mess to clean up — I enjoy cleaning up messes.  Accela at the time was one of the biggest messes I had seen.  It was a 20+ year old GovTech company with a bunch of non-integrated acquired assets floating around. The joke during the first few months was I would discover new products no one knew about because a customer would call that it was down.  Customers hated us. The team was broken.  Technical debt was overflowing out of the doors.  Data centers were long overdue for hardware refreshing.  I used to joke that the architecture was a Polaroid photo from 1999.  I said to myself that if I make it out of this mess alive, I’ll be able to write the book about it. 

I took on the CTO role responsible for all technical aspects of the business — application engineering, quality engineering, cloud engineering, security, compliance and IT.  

  • Rebuilt technology organization, resourcing model, and software development lifecycle (SDLC).
  • Rearchitected on-premises software product to highly scalable, cost effective, 99.9% uptime, multi-tenant SaaS platform.
  • Migrated product out of data centers into public cloud (Microsoft Azure, Amazon Web Services).
  • Re-rationalized and defined path out of previously acquired companies and technical debt.
  • Stabilized the business to the point that we were able to acquire companies again. 
  • Rebuilt security & compliance program (SOC3, PCI, GDPR, CCPA, StateRamp)
  • Represented the company at industry events and with the media.

Fast forward 6 years, it was like a textbook execution on turning around a distressed technology company.  In September 2023, Francisco Partners co-invested in Accela.

After the deal much of the executive team turned over and a smaller executive team was left executing on the post-deal plans and waiting for a new CEO to join.  It was important to me to follow through on commitments made through the deal and I wanted to engage with the new CEO.  I’m proud of what we accomplished at Accela to get a new deal and proud of the all that we accomplished after the deal as we set the company towards the next chapter of growth.  I learned so much at Accela and  from everyone at the company. 

  • The importance of team. 
  • Focus is a super power. 
  • Optimism is fuel. 
  • Challenge the status quo and focus on first principle thinking.

What am I going to do next?  I’ll have a separate blog post on that one but I will say that I’m going to stay true to what I care about.

  1. Find good people.
  2. Take the road less traveled.
  3. Continue to build great products that delight customers.  
  4. Find a big, overlooked market.

Stay tuned for more details on that.  Thank you for reading.  Leave a comment or ping me if you want to engage.  I appreciate you. 

-rjm

Artificial Intelligence & Me

In the vast realm of science fiction, few names shine as brightly as Isaac Asimov. As a young reader, I found myself captivated by the intricate universes he wove in novels like Foundation and I, Robot. These stories, where artificial intelligence and robotics played pivotal roles, ignited a spark in me that would later pave the path of my own career. Today, as I delve into the intricate tapestry of my journey with artificial intelligence, it’s impossible not to look back at those early days of wonder, where Asimov’s words provided not just entertainment, but inspiration for a future I had yet to envision.

It’s official, I have secured Renato.mascardo.ai.  This has moved up the value of my blog by 10x.  Kidding. Kinda. Artificial Intelligence has created both rational and irrational reactions.  One would argue AI has propped up the stock market when everything AI related has killed while everything else looks “eh”.  Seven of the top 10 largest companies in the United States by market cap have major AI value propositions.

My career has seen its waves of innovation.  I am so grateful for having been part of such a fruitful period for computer science.  It has been such a fun ride and it doesn’t seem to be letting up.

As one would expect, each wave builds upon the next and is a combination of previous achievements and learnings.  AI is a combination of data, copious amount of distributed compute, innovation in gpu chips and foundational data / data science / machine learning / deep learning practices.

So, here are a few common questions I’ve better getting recently about AI —

What is you perspective on Artificial Intelligence? 

Artificial Intelligence represents both an opportunity and existential risk for companies.  Similar to other technology waves, something very fundamental is shifting under existing companies.  This shift can create new markets and provide opportunities to wedge into existing markets.  We should see new interaction models and all new levels of efficiency with AI.  

This is where it’s critical to be in continuous first principle thinking.  Assumptions should be challenged. Experimentation should be the norm.  Action should be taken. 

What experience do you have with machine learning / deep learning / Artificial Intelligence? 

  • Mercury Interactive / HP Software (2004) — processed the millions / billions of production alerts to provide an elevated alerting or automate action. 
  • Abaca Technology (2007) — created a totally new AI approach for handling email SPAM.
  • DigitalGlobe (2010) — built one of the first and largest at the time GPU based supercomputers that was used to run advanced algorithms for higher level processing on digital satellite imagery.  These algorithms did things like cloud cover detection, change detection and image feature recognition.
  • Atari (2012) — built AI based real-time adjustment of gameplay based on individual progress through the game. 
  • Rosetta Stone (2014) — built AI based content creation platform.   
  • Recurly (2018) — built AI based Dunning management solution. 

What will the next 5-10 years of AI innovation bring us? 

Buckle up.  The pace of AI improvements is fierce and everyone wants to get there first.  Watch out for the hyperbole and emotions through the technology adoption life cycle but rest assured we’ll see the shift on the other side.  This feels like it’s going to go faster than we think.

Thank you for reading.  Please drop me a note if you have a comment.  I appreciate you. 

-rjm

My Augmented Reality Start Up Failure and Being Too Ahead of the Curve.  

My first job out of college was with a company called Scient.  Scient called itself the “The e-Buisness Innovator”.  I could not have dreamed of a better place to land out of college.  A truly transformative place to work.  The leaders I worked for.  The friends I made.  And I ended up meeting my wife there.  We worked long hours, hacked with technology together and felt like we could transform the world.  We saw the future through technology — mobile devices, peer-to-peer networks, cloud computing, etc.  The cohort of college graduates joining Scient in 1999 came from the best schools, were unbelievably talented and became some of my best friends. In the evenings, we would continue the technical conversation at the Buddah Bar in China Town or Vesuvio Cafe in North Beach.  Drinks were usually involved.  Sometimes we would bring some dice and just hang out playing games.  It was true embodiment of Silicon Valley for me.   

My time there didn’t last very long in the grand scheme of things — I only worked there for about 2-3 years before the company was consumed by the DotCom 1.0 implosion.  Regardless, I look back at those years fondly.  During my time at Scient, a small group of engineers started the “Any-to-Any” club.  A group that felt that the future was through mobility.  The future was through the plethora of interconnected devices like mobile devices and what is now called the Internet of Things (IoT).     Keep in mind that in 1999 — the Motorola StarTac phone was all the rage, the BlackBerry had just been released, getting the weather through your Mobile WAP browser was cool and most Americans got their internet via America Online.  Little did we know, it was early and we were way ahead of our time.  

Fast forward 6 years, Steve Jobs first announced the iPhone in January 9, 2007 — the beginning of a new mobile revolution.  

I remember a buddy of mine worked at Apple and invited me to lunch to check it out.  At that time, I worked on the Bay Area peninsula so we went to a restaurant just outside the Apple Campus in Cupertino.  He showed me the new phone, raving about it.  I played with the phone for about 5 minutes and thought this was definitely a game changer.  There was something so elegant about the lock screen that felt different than the Blackberry in my pocket.  Then he showed me a “jail broken” phone and all of the developer built apps leveraging all the iPhone sensors.  Wow.  It was like looking into the future. Everything we believed in 1999 was coming true.  Then I focused on knowing everything about the iOS Platform and soon to be released Android ecosystems and building mobile experiences. Little did we know, it was early and we were way ahead of our time.  

Fast forward 2 years, we looked into the crystal ball again and saw a world where the mobile phones could create immersive experiences overlayed on the real world visually and physically.  We were calling it “Location based Augmented Reality” — leveraging the camera and GPS sensors on the phone to create new experiences.   In 2009, several of my friends and I decided to try and start Augmented Reality company way before Google Glass (2013), Pokémon Go (2016), Meta (2022) and Apple’s future augmented reality products (TBD).   Little did we know, it was early and we were way ahead of our time.  

MotiveCast is described on my LinkedIn profile as — 

MotiveCast produces fun, social and addictive games at the crossroads of traditional social gaming and mobile — our games represent a generational shift in traditional social game play that will capture the imagination of players by making the world their game board. MotiveCast was the winner of the PepsiCo10 2010 start up competition.

Before it was MotiveCast, the company was named “Kranky Panda Studios”.   We had originally founded the company to make immersive mobile games.  And then we discovered the fun with Apple’s new mobile location API’s and hand rolled our own location server.  And then discovered a future where Augmented Reality ruled the world and hand rolled our own Augmented Reality SDK.   So, we were building immersive location based, augmented reality mobile games.  We were Pokémon Go in 2009.  Pokémon Go was initially released in 2016 and by 2020 grossed more than $6 billion in revenue.   

We raised capital.  Found a CEO.   Brought on advisors.  Got the attention of Venture Capital.  Won a couple of start up competitions.  We even made Fast Company Magazine. But, we ultimately failed.  And we didn’t even do what lots of failed starts up do now — claim to have been acquired by another company even though they were just hiring the team.   Yup, we just folded.  Little did we know, it was early and we were way ahead of our time.  

Failing at my own start up was a crushing blow to my ego.  It’s one thing to say you embrace failure but its another to tell the world you were taking over the world and then just failing.  It took me many years to get over it.  Looking back, I cared too much about how others perceived my career.  Plus, life isn’t kind to the entrepreneurial journey. So, I found shelter in the comfortable confines of an already established company for the years that followed.

I learned many things through this entrepreneurial journey.  Let me see if I can articulate some of them here —   

  • Be aware of being too early to market —  we were so early and the augmented reality market still has not fully come into focus.   
  • Make sure you wife and family are on board for the journey — your family is a unit.  Your unit is going into adventures together.  Make sure everyone is on board because the entrepreneurial journey can be very stressful.  
  • Don’t be afraid to try new things but be aware that failure is part of the process — this may feel obvious but there is knowing this rule theoretically and then practically.  You will fail.  Be ready for it and focus on what it looks like getting through it.    
  • Care less about what others think — caring too much about what other people think is wasted energy.  Their opinion usually doesn’t matter.    
  • Building technology is not the goal — we surely built a lot of cool technology, haha.   
  • Sales and marketing are critical functions — find someone that knows how to do this or be ready to figure it out.   
  • Iterate faster and more frequently — in hindsight, our iterations were too coarse grained.  We needed to find shorter, faster tests.    
  • Find your focus — we tried to be good at too many things.  
  • Start up competitions don’t mean anything and can likely be a distraction.   

Fast forward to 2023, Apple and Meta (previously named Facebook) are pressing hard into the augmented reality and virtual reality space.  They are trying to be that foundational platform that powers these new immersive virtual experiences.  Our biggest learning coming out of our experience was that a large company like Apple or Meta would need to crack the space open for others like the iPhone did for the mobile revolution.  We saw several points of friction to wide scale adoption — 

  • Adoption of sufficiently powered devices — in 2010, iPhone penetration was only at ~20%.  Now, its closer to ~75%.  Huge difference.  Meta has to figure out this problem with their new virtual reality rigs.  Their latest rig is pricing out at $1499.00 (https://www.meta.com/quest/quest-pro/).  This is likely way out of the price range for most casual users.  
  • Identification of the killer use cases that out weights the awkward social experience — its strange to see someone using their phone in an augmented reality experience.  It’s strange to see someone in a VR rig.  The value of the experience has to outweigh this awkwardness.  
  • AR and VR Developer Ecosystems with better defined monetization opportunity — the platforms need the apps and it needs to be easier to build.  At the time, we had to hand roll our own AR SDK.   
  • Motion sickness — early AR and VR experiences were making people sick.  

There is no lack of negative press on Meta’s strategy.  But keep in mind that Meta is trying to do something very hard and its very easy to pile on there with negativity.  I’m more interested in Apple’s AR offering which is set to come out soon. They have had more success creating these huge technology shifts than any other company in recent times and seem to be laying the foundation with their spacial sound and AR SDK.  My gut says that Mark Zuckerberg’s Meta won’t be the company that turns the corner with AR and VR but will surely help to move the ball forward.  There is too much investor pressure to maintain Meta’s core business and it feels like this shift needs Apple’s thoughtfulness.  Apple has a good shot to make it happen. That being said, it could be one of those things that never turns the corner because people actually don’t want it.  The real world is actually a pretty nice place to be.   

I find blogging to be just as useful for me as it is for those that read my blog.   This is one of the first times I’ve been able to thoughtfully reflect upon this journey.  I wouldn’t trade my experience for the world and hope to give it another swing.  But, I’ll share that for a future blog posts.      

Thank you for reading!  Please share your thoughts and comments.  

MotiveCast one of the PepsiCo10

Congratulations to the entire MotiveCast team for being selected 1 of the the PepsiCo10 out of a pool of over 500+ startup.  Nice job!

PURCHASE, N.Y. – (September 9, 2010) PepsiCo today announced the 10 start-up companies, which will make up the inaugural PepsiCo10, an innovative incubator program that matches technology, media and communications entrepreneurs with PepsiCo brands to activate pilot programs in digital media and social marketing.

“The PepsiCo10 are an inspiring group of entrepreneurs, who represent the best in emerging trends in technology, media and communications,” said B. Bonin Bough, Director of Digital and Social Media at PepsiCo. “With the inaugural PepsiCo10, we are creating a new conduit for digital R&D within PepsiCo and for the industry broadly—an important endeavor as we continue to seek innovative and meaningful ways to connect with our consumers and to transform communications into a business driver.”